{"id":5365,"date":"2024-02-20T18:32:23","date_gmt":"2024-02-20T17:32:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/krajinaziva.sk\/?p=5365"},"modified":"2024-02-21T08:09:43","modified_gmt":"2024-02-21T07:09:43","slug":"protest2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/krajinaziva.sk\/en\/protest2024\/","title":{"rendered":"Iniciat\u00edva ESSENCE Slovakia a program Krajina \u017eiv\u00e1 podporuj\u00fa po\u017eiadavky protestuj\u00facich farm\u00e1rov na zn\u00ed\u017eenie byrokracie, ale odmietaj\u00fa \u00fatoky na \u201eozele\u0148uj\u00face\u201c pravidl\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa zabezpe\u010di\u0165 ochranu biodiverzity a udr\u017eate\u013enos\u0165 po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstva"},"content":{"rendered":"

V posledn\u00fdch t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148och sa naprie\u010d celou Eur\u00f3pskou \u00faniou zdvihla vlna farm\u00e1rskych protestov, ktor\u00e1 vypl\u00fdva zo zlej situ\u00e1cie na trhu s potravin\u00e1rskymi komoditami, ve\u013ekej byrokratickej z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee, ale aj \u00fadajne pr\u00edli\u0161 ambici\u00f3zneho ozele\u0148ovania pravidiel Spolo\u010dnej po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskej politiky (SPP). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slovensk\u00e1 sekcia Eur\u00f3pskej spolo\u010dnosti vedcov a odborn\u00edkov pre ochranu pr\u00edrody (ESSENCE Slovakia) a program pre zvidite\u013e\u0148ovanie, oce\u0148ovanie a sp\u00e1janie pr\u00edrode bl\u00edzkych farm\u00e1rov Krajina \u017eiv\u00e1 v tejto s\u00favislosti vyjadruj\u00fa podporu po\u013enohospod\u00e1rom v protestoch za zn\u00ed\u017eenie administrat\u00edvnej z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee. Stoto\u017e\u0148ujeme sa s ich tvrdeniami, \u017ee platobn\u00e1 agent\u00fara zava\u013euje farm\u00e1rov prehnanou byrokraciou a kontrolami, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa nasledovan\u00e9 neraz a\u017e absurdn\u00fdmi d\u00f4vodmi na sankcie \u010di kr\u00e1tenie dot\u00e1ci\u00ed. Spome\u0148me napr\u00edklad vyn\u00edmanie pl\u00f4ch trval\u00fdch tr\u00e1vnych porastov, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa pokryt\u00e9 rozpt\u00fdlen\u00fdmi drevinami, skalami, drobn\u00fdmi mokra\u010fami alebo nezapojen\u00fdmi porastami \u010du\u010doriedok \u010di borievok a in\u00fdch krov\u00edn. Tak\u00e9to prvky zvy\u0161uj\u00fa heterogenitu krajiny a s\u00fa d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 pre udr\u017eanie biodiverzity, tak\u017ee by naopak mali by\u0165 dota\u010dne e\u0161te viac podporovan\u00e9. Zn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 byrokracia by navy\u0161e mohla farm\u00e1rov motivova\u0165 k v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iemu zap\u00e1janiu sa do ekosch\u00e9m \u010di agroenvironment\u00e1lnych intervenci\u00ed, ke\u010f\u017ee mnoh\u00ed z nich sa im dnes vyh\u00fdbaj\u00fa aj v d\u00f4sledku administrat\u00edvnej n\u00e1ro\u010dnosti \u010di ob\u00e1v z pr\u00edsnych kontrol a sankci\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Obdobne vn\u00edmame ako opr\u00e1vnen\u00fa s\u0165a\u017enos\u0165 farm\u00e1rov aj problematiku dovozu lacn\u00fdch potrav\u00edn z tret\u00edch kraj\u00edn. M\u00e1me za to, \u017ee Eur\u00f3pska komisia by mala nastavi\u0165 pravidl\u00e1 ich importu tak, aby pri ich zav\u00e1dzan\u00ed na eur\u00f3psky trh nedoch\u00e1dzalo k znev\u00fdhod\u0148ovaniu postavenia dom\u00e1cich potrav\u00edn, ktor\u00e9 eur\u00f3pski farm\u00e1ri produkuj\u00fa za dodr\u017eiavania omnoho pr\u00edsnej\u0161\u00edch environment\u00e1lnych noriem. Vysporiadanie sa s touto skuto\u010dnos\u0165ou, ktor\u00e1 sp\u00f4sobuje nemal\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 aj environment\u00e1lne probl\u00e9my, by preto pod\u013ea n\u00e1s malo by\u0165 spolu s podporou lok\u00e1lnej produkcie potrav\u00edn jednou z prior\u00edt E\u00da v oblasti po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskej politiky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Obe iniciat\u00edvy osobitne vyjadruj\u00fa podporu z\u00e1stupcom ekologick\u00fdch, mlad\u00fdch \u010di rodinn\u00fdch fariem, ktor\u00fdm okrem vy\u0161\u0161ie zmienen\u00fdch probl\u00e9mov dlhodobo prek\u00e1\u017ea aj nespravodliv\u00e9 prerozdelenie finan\u010dn\u00fdch prostriedkov a p\u00f4dy v prospech ve\u013ek\u00fdch agropodnikov1,2,3<\/sup>. Drobn\u00ed farm\u00e1ri po tis\u00edcky rokov predstavovali z\u00e1kladn\u00fa kostru po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstva a sme presved\u010den\u00ed o tom, \u017ee nemenej d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fa \u00falohu zohr\u00e1vaj\u00fa v Eur\u00f3pe aj v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti. E\u0161te st\u00e1le toti\u017e vo v\u00fdznamnej miere prispievaj\u00fa k zachovaniu rozmanitosti kult\u00farnej krajiny aj organizmov, ktor\u00e9 ju os\u00edd\u013euj\u00fa, a tie\u017e k potravinovej bezpe\u010dnosti a sebesta\u010dnosti E\u00da. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 plat\u00ed, \u017ee pr\u00edli\u0161n\u00e9 administrat\u00edvne za\u0165a\u017eenie a kontroly zasahuj\u00fa mal\u00fdch farm\u00e1rov v omnoho v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej miere, ke\u010f\u017ee t\u00ed si zvy\u010dajne nem\u00f4\u017eu dovoli\u0165, na rozdiel od ve\u013ek\u00fdch agropodnikov, zamestn\u00e1va\u0165 vlastn\u00fdch ekon\u00f3mov, pr\u00e1vnikov \u010di administrat\u00edvnych pracovn\u00edkov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na\u0161e iniciat\u00edvy sa, naopak, nedok\u00e1\u017eu stoto\u017eni\u0165 s po\u017eiadavkami na oslabovanie ozele\u0148ovania po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskej politiky, ktor\u00e9 v t\u00fdchto d\u0148och po\u010du\u0165 najm\u00e4 z \u00fast z\u00e1stupcov ve\u013ek\u00fdch agropodnikov4,5<\/sup>. T\u00ed s\u00edce opakovanie tvrdia, \u017ee podmienky Spolo\u010dnej po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskej politiky s\u00fa nastaven\u00e9 pr\u00edli\u0161 ambici\u00f3zne, fakty ale ukazuj\u00fa opak. D\u00e1ta z pr\u00edrodovedn\u00fdch monitoringov st\u00e1le poukazuj\u00fa na \u00fabytok biodiverzity, a to najm\u00e4 u skup\u00edn a druhov viazan\u00fdch na po\u013enohospod\u00e1rsku krajinu6,7<\/sup>. Popredn\u00ed eur\u00f3pski pr\u00edrodovedci aj aud\u00edtori EK tie\u017e dlhodobo upozor\u0148uj\u00fa, \u017ee pravidl\u00e1 SPP v oblasti ochrany biodiverzity dlhodobo zlyh\u00e1vaj\u00fa8,9,10<\/sup>.S\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 oslabovanie pravidiel v k\u013e\u00fa\u010dovom opatren\u00ed GAEC8, ako aj skuto\u010dnos\u0165, \u017ee v aktu\u00e1lnej SPP nie s\u00fa implementovan\u00e9 \u017eiadne zo z\u00e1sadn\u00fdch opatren\u00ed Strat\u00e9gie E\u00da v oblasti biodiverzity a strat\u00e9gie Farm to Fork11,12,13,14 <\/sup>pritom nazna\u010duj\u00fa, \u017ee o\u010dak\u00e1van\u00fd prelom v doh\u013eadnej dobe nenastane. Z pripravovan\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o obnove pr\u00edrody navy\u0161e zrejme vypadn\u00fa niektor\u00e9 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 amb\u00edcie t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa obnovy biotopov v po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskej krajine15 <\/sup>a z\u00e1kon o regul\u00e1cii pou\u017e\u00edvania pestic\u00eddov bol pre odpor farm\u00e1rov stiahnut\u00fd z legislat\u00edvneho procesu16<\/sup>. Eur\u00f3pska komisia okrem toho u\u017e tret\u00ed rok po sebe farm\u00e1rom ust\u00fapila z povinnosti ponech\u00e1va\u0165 4 % p\u00f4dy le\u017ea\u0165 \u00fahorom. To je v pr\u00edkrom rozpore s cie\u013emi na ochranu biodiverzity, nako\u013eko z vedeck\u00fdch v\u00fdskumov vypl\u00fdva, \u017ee \u00fahory patria v tomto smere k najlep\u0161\u00edm agroenvironment\u00e1lnym opatreniam17<\/sup>. Vo svetle t\u00fdchto skuto\u010dnost\u00ed sa teda opr\u00e1vnene domnievame, \u017ee v pomyselnom \u201eboji\u201c medzi ekologiz\u00e1ciou po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstva a jeho intenzifik\u00e1ciou maj\u00fa navrch agr\u00e1rni lobisti, zatia\u013e \u010do hlasy pr\u00edrodovedcov18<\/sup>, environmentalistov19<\/sup>, ekologick\u00fdch farm\u00e1rov20<\/sup> a st\u00e1tis\u00edcov eur\u00f3pskych da\u0148ov\u00fdch poplatn\u00edkov21<\/sup>, ktor\u00ed SPP financuj\u00fa a do\u017eaduj\u00fa sa jej ozelenenia, stoja sk\u00f4r v \u00fazad\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slovo \u201eboj\u201c uv\u00e1dzame z\u00e1merne v \u00favodzovk\u00e1ch, preto\u017ee sme pevne presved\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee \u017eiaden re\u00e1lny boj medzi ochranou pr\u00edrody a krajiny a po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvom neexistuje. Rovnako nezdie\u013eame obavy farm\u00e1rov a \u010dasti verejnosti z toho, \u017ee ozele\u0148uj\u00face pravidl\u00e1 SPP m\u00f4\u017eu ohrozi\u0165 potravinov\u00fa bezpe\u010dnos\u0165. Eur\u00f3pa toti\u017e dnes vyexportuje viac potrav\u00edn ako dov\u00e1\u017ea22<\/sup>, pri\u010dom ve\u013ek\u00e9 percento z nich kon\u010d\u00ed v odpade23<\/sup> a \u010doraz viac po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskej p\u00f4dy sa vyu\u017e\u00edva na produkciu technick\u00fdch a bioenergetick\u00fdch plod\u00edn24,25<\/sup>. Aj na z\u00e1klade t\u00fdchto skuto\u010dnost\u00ed sa domnievame, \u017ee rozumne nastaven\u00e9 vy\u010dle\u0148ovanie \u010dasti p\u00f4dy pre neproduk\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely \u010di zni\u017eovanie spotreby pestic\u00eddov nem\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 pre s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fa produkciu potrav\u00edn v Eur\u00f3pe \u017eiadnou hrozbou. Bez ozele\u0148ovania po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstva ale, naopak, nedok\u00e1\u017eeme zabezpe\u010di\u0165 jeho udr\u017eate\u013enos\u0165 pre bud\u00facnos\u0165. Najm\u00e4 ve\u013ek\u00e9 agropodniky, ktor\u00e9 najviac protestuj\u00fa proti ekologiz\u00e1cii rezortu, toti\u017e dnes vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa postupy preuk\u00e1zate\u013ene ved\u00face k nezvratnej degrad\u00e1cii p\u00f4dy26,27 <\/sup>a \u00fabytku biodiverzity28<\/sup>, vr\u00e1tane po\u013enohospod\u00e1rsky v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch skup\u00edn, ako s\u00fa ope\u013eova\u010de po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskych plod\u00edn29,30<\/sup>. Jedine re\u00e1lne ozelenenie pravidiel v oblasti vyu\u017e\u00edvania po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskej p\u00f4dy teda dok\u00e1\u017ee zabezpe\u010di\u0165, aby na\u0161u p\u00f4du mohli na produkciu potrav\u00edn vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 nielen s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00ed farm\u00e1ri, ale aj gener\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 pr\u00eddu po nich.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eur\u00f3pska spolo\u010dnos\u0165 vedcov a odborn\u00edkov pre ochranu pr\u00edrody<\/strong> (ESSENCE \u2013 European Society of Scientists and Experts for Nature Conservation) je neform\u00e1lne zoskupenie \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed sa akt\u00edvne podie\u013eaj\u00fa na v\u00fdskume a ochrane r\u00f4znych zlo\u017eiek pr\u00edrody. Slovensk\u00e1 sekcia ESSENCE zoskupuje viac ako 50 vedcov a v\u00fdskumn\u00edkov z najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161\u00edch slovensk\u00fdch vedeck\u00fdch in\u0161tit\u00faci\u00ed a odborn\u00edkov z praxe p\u00f4sobiacich v \u0161irokom spektre \u0161t\u00e1tnych aj ne\u0161t\u00e1tnych organiz\u00e1ci\u00ed.
\u010eal\u0161ie inform\u00e1cie o ESSENCE Slovakia spolu so zoznamom \u010dlenov s\u00fa dostupn\u00e9 na www.sk.es-sence.eu<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Living landscape<\/strong> je program, ktor\u00fd si d\u00e1va za cie\u013e zvidite\u013e\u0148ova\u0165, oce\u0148ova\u0165, sp\u00e1ja\u0165 a podporova\u0165 farm\u00e1rov hospod\u00e1riacich pr\u00edrode bl\u00edzkymi sp\u00f4sobmi. S\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou tohto programu je napr\u00edklad mapa zodpovedn\u00fdch farm\u00e1rov, ocenenie \u201eFarma \u017eiv\u00e1 \u2013 hospod\u00e1rime v s\u00falade s pr\u00edrodou\u201c ur\u010den\u00e9 pre in\u0161pirat\u00edvnych po\u013enohospod\u00e1rov a vzdel\u00e1vacie aktivity cielen\u00e9 aj na \u0161ir\u0161iu farm\u00e1rsku komunitu \u010di \u0161tudentov a zamestancov p\u00f4sobiacich v oblastiach po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstva, ekol\u00f3gie, environmentalistiky \u010di ochrany pr\u00edrody.
\u010eal\u0161ie inform\u00e1cie o programe Krajina \u017eiv\u00e1 s\u00fa dostupn\u00e9 na www.krajinaziva.sk<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kontakt pre m\u00e9di\u00e1:<\/strong> Mgr. Jakub C\u00edbik, PhD. \u2013 jakubcibik.sk@gmail.com
<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pou\u017eit\u00e1 literat\u00fara<\/strong> (citovan\u00e9 19.2.2024):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1<\/sup>https:\/\/www.asyf.sk\/stanovisko-mladych-farmarov-na-polnohospodarske-temy\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2<\/sup>https:\/\/www.agrobiznis.sk\/trhy-ceny\/komodity\/5788-redistributivna-platba-straiak-pre-veke-podniky-alebo-skutona-pomoc-pre-male-farmy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

3<\/sup>https:\/\/www.ecotrend.sk\/zvaz-ekologickeho\/sprava\/redistributivna-platba\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

4<\/sup>https:\/\/www.sppk.sk\/clanok\/5154<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

5<\/sup>https:\/\/www.aksds.sk\/sk\/aktuality\/polnohospodari-z-produkcnych-regionov-sa-chystaju-na-protest-22-februara-2024\/626<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

6<\/sup>https:\/\/pecbms.info\/trends-and-indicators\/indicators\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

7<\/sup>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2800\/088178<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

8<\/sup>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1253425<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

9<\/sup>https:\/\/op.europa.eu\/webpub\/eca\/special-reports\/biodiversity-13-2020\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

10<\/sup>https:\/\/www.oecd-ilibrary.org\/sites\/8c4ad814-en\/index.html?itemId=\/content\/component\/8c4ad814-en<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

11<\/sup>https:\/\/corporateeurope.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2023-05\/230523_MediaBriefing_EFA-derogations_EN.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

12<\/sup>https:\/\/www.arc2020.eu\/eu-fails-to-deliver-on-food-system-transformation-in-face-of-environmental-collapse\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

13<\/sup>https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/RegData\/etudes\/ATAG\/2021\/690622\/EPRS_ATA(2021)690622_EN.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

14<\/sup>https:\/\/www.euronews.com\/my-europe\/2024\/02\/19\/over-half-of-von-der-leyens-food-policy-promises-werent-met-analysis-shows<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

15<\/sup>https:\/\/epc.eu\/en\/Publications\/From-protests-to-policy-What-is-the-future-for-EU-agriculture~57f788<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

16<\/sup>https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/markets\/europe\/eus-von-der-leyen-wants-cancel-plan-halve-pesticide-use-after-farmer-protests-2024-02-06\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

17<\/sup>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/conl.12904<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

18<\/sup>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aax3146<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

19<\/sup>https:\/\/www.birdlife.org\/news\/tag\/cap\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

20<\/sup>https:\/\/www.organicseurope.bio\/news\/member-states-should-enhance-support-for-organic-farming-in-cap-strategic-plans-in-line-with-commissions-observations\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

21<\/sup>https:\/\/www.savebeesandfarmers.eu\/eng<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

22<\/sup>https:\/\/www.oecd-ilibrary.org\/sites\/f118803d-en\/index.html?itemId=\/content\/component\/f118803d-en<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

23<\/sup>https:\/\/feedbackglobal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Feedback-EU-2022-No-Time-To-Waste-report.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

24<\/sup>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/en14216982<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

25<\/sup>https:\/\/www.eea.europa.eu\/data-and-maps\/figures\/land-available-for-biomass-production-for-energy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

26<\/sup>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su7010313<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

27<\/sup>http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-49732-3_2<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

28<\/sup>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/bs.aecr.2016.08.005<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

29<\/sup>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tree.2010.01.007<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

30<\/sup>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecolecon.2008.06.014<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V posledn\u00fdch t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148och sa naprie\u010d celou Eur\u00f3pskou \u00faniou zdvihla vlna farm\u00e1rskych protestov, ktor\u00e1 vypl\u00fdva zo zlej situ\u00e1cie na trhu s potravin\u00e1rskymi komoditami, ve\u013ekej byrokratickej z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee, ale aj \u00fadajne pr\u00edli\u0161 ambici\u00f3zneho ozele\u0148ovania pravidiel Spolo\u010dnej po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskej politiky…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":5366,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"give_campaign_id":0,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[83],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5365","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-novinky"],"yoast_head":"\nIniciat\u00edva ESSENCE Slovakia a program Krajina \u017eiv\u00e1 podporuj\u00fa po\u017eiadavky protestuj\u00facich farm\u00e1rov na zn\u00ed\u017eenie byrokracie, ale odmietaj\u00fa \u00fatoky na \u201eozele\u0148uj\u00face\u201c pravidl\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa zabezpe\u010di\u0165 ochranu biodiverzity a udr\u017eate\u013enos\u0165 po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstva - 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